The Government of Mozambique approved this Tuesday, 16th October 2018, during the meeting of the Council of Ministers, the Integrated Master Plan of Energy Infrastructures (PDIE),which defines the expansion guidelines of the areas of power generation, transmission and distribution, as well as the diversificationof power generationmatrix,in response to the growing demand that is foreseen in the nextyears.
With a projection of 25 years, the instrument intends to ensure the institutionalalignment in the implementationof various power generation, transmission and distribution projects, with a focus on energy safety, stability, quality and reliability of the national power system. In this way, the document identifies and characterises the necessary and priority investments for thedevelopmentof energy infrastructures, serving as support for national industrialisation, access increase to energy through the National Power Grid, and monetisationof natural resources with the export of energy to Southern Africa.
Thus, PDIE foresees the increase of national, domestic and industrial demand ofenergyto about 8,000 MW in 2043 (10 times above the current levels), representing an annual average growth rate of approximately 8.6%, the second in Southern Africa after Tanzania, while in export to the region it foresees to achieve levels above 7,000 MW. This demand must be met in terms of the National ElectrificationStrategy,under which about 70% of accessin 2030 will be provided by the systems of the National Power Grid.
The instrument includes hydro, coal, solar,wind and gas sourcesin its generationmatrix, and by 2043 this will represent more than 50 per cent of the total generation.Thus, the power generationprojects make a total of 4,300 MW of hydro generation; 1,350 MW of coal; 530 MW of solar, 150 MW of wind and 8,500 MW of gas. In accordance with the forecast, it will be necessary to invest more than 18,000 million USD for the concretisationof the generationprojects.
It should be stressed that the Integrated Master Plan identifies and prioritises the potentials of generationensuring the developmentof power generation based on its viability and economic profitability and constitutes a response to the efforts of economic and social developmentof the country which has the sector of energy as one of its pillars, in addition toagriculture, tourismand infrastructures.
With regard to the transmission of energy, there is a forecast of an investmentof 9,100 million USDin lines of 400 kV AC, which will concretise the regional interconnections and interconnect the south, central and north systems. About 70% of these investments must be mobilised by 2025 to enable the completion of the STE (Transmission Line between Cataxa-Tete and Maputo).
In the distribution of energy, it is foreseen to achieve the universal access in 2030, with the connection of more 7 millionfamilies, where a little more than 2 millionin isolated systems, in an investment estimated at 6,587 million USD, from which 25% will be reserved for rehabilitation works and the reinforcement of the existing grids.
To implement the projects of the Integrated Master Plan,a total investmentof 34,000 million USDwill be necessary, which will count with the participationof the government, donors, financing institutions and the private sector. More importantly, it will be necessary for the regulatory and tariff framework to accompany these investments and for the sector to have an integrated approach in the planning of the energy resource explorationto stimulate public and private investmentand to reduce the supplies of energy to the nationalterritory.
